Friday, January 30, 2015

Thymus, T cells and Immunity



Lymph System 101

During open heart surgery, the surgeon cuts through the breast bone to expose the heart.  The thymus gland is completely removed.  Having had open heart surgery, I was concerned about the loss of my thymus because it is part of our immune system.  Lymphocytes (white blood cells) are transformed into T cells in the thymus. T-cells or T-lymphocytes  mature in the thymus and these help fight off infections, viruses, bacteria, fungi and general inflammation.

The thymus plays a vital role in the lymphatic system and endocrine system.  Thymosin is a hormone produced by the thymus that promotes the development of T cells from stem cells. I was glad to know that T cell production in the thymus is active mostly in adolescence and slows down as we age.  In our later years, T cells are maintained outside the central lymphoid organs.  New B cells, produced from bone marrow, continue to nurture our immune system.

Lymph Nodes
Once T cells have fully matured in the thymus, they migrate to the lymph nodes - groups of immune system cells throughout the body, where they aid the immune system in fighting disease.

Healthy gut flora will help keep your lymph fluids clean and healthy.  It’s that simple.  Before I had my health crisis and began to study nutrition, I had a wound that drained small calcifications.  The old term for this was “blood sand.”  It is the calcification that can occur when you do not have the proper ratio of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and K2.

I learned about lymph first hand and I remember how that drainage smelled.  It had a chemical smell that reminded me of overheated plastic.  It was thick and dirty looking.  As I began to regain my health, the lymph ran clear as water and I instinctively knew I was on the right track.

Blood Cancer
Lymphoma is the most common blood cancer. The two main forms of lymphoma are Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Cancerous lymphocytes can travel to many parts of the body, including the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, blood, or other organs, and form a mass called a tumor. The body has two main types of lymphocytes that can develop into lymphomas: B-lymphocytes (B-cells) and T-lymphocytes (T-cells).

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare and often grows fast. T-cell lymphoma can be found in the blood (leukemia), lymph nodes (lymphoma), skin, or multiple areas of the body. ATLL has been linked to infection by the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1).

With so much pollution in our day to day environment, it should be no wonder that these diseases are on the rise.

Keep your lymph system clean

Eat healthy foods. 
Exercise regularly
Drink plenty of clean water
Get some quality down time.  Meditate, do yoga or tai chi.  Relieve as much stress as possible in your life.
Do a liver cleanse.  Eat little or no processed sugars.  The liver works hard to process these.

Detox Your Liver With These 19 Super Foods


1. Beets and Carrots: Carrots are rich in Glutathione, a protein that helps detoxify the liver. Both are extremely high in plant-flavonoids and beta-carotene. Eating beats and carrots can help stimulate and improve overall liver function. (Source) (Related CE Article: The Mother of All Antioxidants)
2. Tomatoes: They have abundant amounts of Glutathione (see article above) which again, are a great detoxifier for the liver. As a side effect Lycopene in tomatoes will protect against breast, skin and lung cancer. (Source)
3.  Grapefruit: Another source of the liver cleansing glutathione. It’s also high in vitamin C and antioxidants, this boosts the production of the liver detoxification enzymes and increases the natural cleansing process of the liver.
4.  Spinach: Raw Spinach is a major source of glutathione that triggers toxin cleansing enzymes of the liver.
5.  Citrus Fruits: Lemons and Lime contain very high amounts of vitamin C, which helps stimulate the liver and aids the synthesizing of toxic materials into substances that can be absorbed by water.
6.  Cabbage:  The isothiocyanates (ITCs) made from cabbage’s glucosinolates provides liver detoxifying enzymes that help flush out toxins. (Source) (Source)
7. Turmeric: Turmeric is the liver’s favorite spice and helps boost liver detox. It does this by assisting enzymes that actively flush out dietary carcinogens. (Source)
8.  Walnuts: Walnuts are a good source of glutathione, omega-3 fatty acids and amino acid arginine, which support the normal liver cleansing actions, especially in detoxifying ammonia.
9.   Avocados: The nutrient-dense superfood, avocado helps the body produce glutathione
10. Apples: They are high in pectin and other chemicals essential to cleanse and release toxins from the digestive tract. Apples make it easier for the liver to handle the toxic load during the cleansing process.
11. Brussels sprouts: Brussels sprouts are high in sulfur and antioxidant glucosinolate, which forces the liver to release enzymes that block damage from environmental or dietary toxins.
12. Garlic: Garlic is loaded with sulfur that activates liver enzymes that help your body flush out toxins. Garlic also holds high amounts of allicin and selenium, two natural compounds that aid in liver cleansing.
13. Dandelion: Dandelion root tea assists the liver in breaking down fats, producing amino acids and generally ridding it of toxins.  There are other good natural supplements you can use, such as milk thistle.
14. Leafy Green Vegetables: Green Veggies are extremely high in plant chlorophyll’s that absorb environmental toxins, increase bile production, neutralize heavy metals, chemicals and pesticides, which lowers the burden on the liver.
15. Cruciferous Vegetables: Eating broccoli and cauliflower will increase production of enzymes glucosinolate in your system that help flush out carcinogens and other toxins.
16. Asparagus: Asparagus is a great diuretic helping in the cleansing process and sharing the detox load of the liver and kidneys.
17. Green Tea: Green tea is full of plant antioxidants known as catechins, a compound known to assist liver function.  Fresh lemon juice added in your tea is also good.
18. Olive Oil: Cold-pressed organic oils such as olive, hemp and flax-seed are great support for the liver, providing the body with a liquid base that can suck up harmful toxins in the body.  Don’t forget the coconut oil.
19. Alternative Grains: Gluten rich grains such as wheat, flour, or other whole grains increase the load on the liver’s detox function and enzyme production. Switch to alternative grains like quinoa, millet and buckwheat.

References and further reading

Lymph capillaries are bigger than blood capillaries and remove unwanted fat, waste, toxins, poisons, excess water and proteins.  Laying directly underneath the skin and covering your whole body they mingle between all the spaces between your cells.  Dirty lymph fluid when collected travels along the lymphatic system then back into the blood and through the heart.

Stimulate Your Lymphatic System
In your body, your lymphatic system is the system responsible for eliminating cellular waste products. Hundreds of miles of lymphatic tubules allow waste to be collected from your tissues and transported to your blood for elimination, a process referred to as lymphatic drainage.  When your lymphatic system is not working properly, waste and toxins can build up and make you sick. Lymphatic congestion is a major factor leading to inflammation and disease. By stimulating your lymphatic system and helping it release toxins, dry skin brushing is a powerful detoxification aid. When you dry brush your skin, it increases circulation to your skin, which encourages the elimination of metabolic waste.

Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. 5th edition.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27123/

Thymosin beta-4 and cardiac repair  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20536454




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